| For years scientists have been telling us how the | | | | account rather than adopt a fantasy which cannot be |
| universe began. Do we really know? Or do we need | | | | scientifically or logically substantiated.THE DOUBLE |
| another six billions years to figure it out?To date, our | | | | STANDARDThere seems to be a double standard in |
| space explorations, manned and unmanned, have | | | | logic by which some people accept scientific theories. |
| uncovered a world of intriguing, perplexing, puzzling, | | | | When the layman accepts theories of evolution |
| fascinating, and even awe-inspiring phenomena. | | | | without possessing much knowledge of them, he |
| Whether we understand it or not, the universe we live | | | | obviously puts his trust and faith in those who |
| in seems to be a highly organized system or set of | | | | perpetuate these theories. This trust is sometimes |
| smaller systems functioning in harmony. All of its | | | | expressed as "they're the scientists, they must know |
| components work within a framework of very | | | | what they're talking about." And it is this kind of blind |
| structured, precise, and clearly defined laws of nature. | | | | allegiance which sets the layman's science-related logic |
| If this were not so, the universe could not possibly | | | | on a different level than the logic he uses in daily |
| have survived in its present state of complexity for | | | | life.How so?To date, virtually every planet and moon |
| any long period of time, certainly not for thousands of | | | | explored in our solar system has proved to be full of |
| years. If the laws of gravity were to cease functioning | | | | inexplicable puzzles, mysteries, and contradictions of |
| for only one moment, all orbiting bodies throughout the | | | | theories (as pointed out in other chapters in |
| universe would move into different orbits. For life on | | | | EvolutionDead.com). Some of these discoveries are |
| earth, this would be catastrophic. If the "strong force" | | | | beyond present scientific understanding. Some are |
| which holds together sub-atomic particles were to | | | | even beyond anything we expect to understand in |
| cease functioning, all matter in the universe would | | | | years to come. In addition, some events outside our |
| disintegrate. Obviously, the laws of nature function | | | | solar system are so baffling that scientists can only |
| every moment of every day, with utmost precision.Our | | | | explain them with strange entities like black holes and |
| universe contains atomic and sub-atomic particles not | | | | quasars, which are themselves only theoretical. Some |
| visible to the naked eye and sometimes not even | | | | events outside our solar system cannot be explained |
| visible with sophisticated instruments. It also contains | | | | even with theoretical science. Some events on the |
| planets, stars, huge galaxies spanning hundreds of | | | | quantum level are so baffling that they seem to defy |
| thousands of lightyears across space -- some of | | | | common sense and logic.So, how is it that when it |
| which are so far from earth that they appear as mere | | | | comes to explaining "how it all began," scientists give |
| specks in the sky -- and galaxies billions of lightyears | | | | the impression of having a sufficient understanding of |
| apart. The laws of nature are so complex that they | | | | the laws of nature governing the entire universe |
| support millions of forms of life on our planet while | | | | allegedly billions of years ago? Wouldn't one first need |
| maintaining the integrity of the cosmos as a whole. It | | | | at least an impeccable understanding of what is |
| would be difficult, if not impossible, for the most | | | | happening in his own backyard, our solar system, |
| intelligent human being to even imagine a more | | | | before explaining the mechanics of the entire |
| complex system, let alone come up with a functioning | | | | universe? Surely the entire universe is more complex |
| design of anything nearly as complex.And as much as | | | | than our "puny little" solar system. And wouldn't such |
| modern man has already learned, we're just beginning | | | | an "expert" have to possess an impeccable |
| to see the tip of the iceberg concerning the | | | | understanding of quantum mechanics as well as the |
| complexities of the laws of nature. There have been | | | | mechanics of distant heavenly bodies in his own time |
| people who have devoted virtually their entire lives to | | | | before attempting to describe events which allegedly |
| discovering and studying the laws of nature. Doctors | | | | brought all of these entities into existence billions of |
| have studied medicine. Astronomers have studied the | | | | years ago? Certainly events billions of years in the |
| skies. Biologists have studied vast numbers of life | | | | past cannot be easier to decipher than events in our |
| forms. Physicists have studied the laws of nature | | | | own time. So how can anyone seriously claim to |
| governing the cosmos right down to those governing | | | | understand how our universe developed into its |
| events on the quantum level. And the list goes on. Yet, | | | | present state?Perhaps it is necessary to go into the |
| not one of these endeavors has thus far resulted in | | | | dimensions of our universe to put this question into |
| the complete knowledge of even one subject. I'm not | | | | proper perspective:The diameter of our sun is about |
| talking about knowing everything about every subject. | | | | 865,400 miles. Our solar system is about 9 billion miles |
| I'm talking about knowing everything about only one | | | | in diameter. Our nearest neighbors outside our solar |
| subject. It hasn't happened yet. And you'd think that | | | | system are the stars Proxima and Alpha Centtauri, |
| after all the scientific discoveries, achievements, and | | | | each about 4 lightyears away. (One lightyear is about |
| sophistication of the twenty-first century, such | | | | 6 trillion miles, the distance light travels -- at 186,000 |
| knowledge might at least lie in the foreseeable future. | | | | miles per second -- in one year.) These stars are only |
| But that doesn't seem to be the case either. In many | | | | two of the billions of stars which make up our galaxy, |
| instances, it's quite the contrary. Some branches of | | | | the Milky Way. An average galaxy is believed to have |
| science seem to become increasingly elusive in direct | | | | a diameter of approximately 100,000 lightyears. The |
| proportion to our sophistication. For the "cut and dried" | | | | Milky Way is only one galaxy in a local group of 30 |
| physical world this is supposed to be, this kind of | | | | galaxies spanning a total of about 3 million lightyears |
| complexity almost rivals spiritualism itself.Now, an | | | | across space -- if you travelled at the unimaginable |
| intelligent person would ask himself, "Where did all this | | | | speed of light, it would take you about 3 million years |
| complex ingenuity come from?"A 'BIG BANG?'There is | | | | to cross this local group of only 30 galaxies.It is |
| a theory generally referred to by scientists as the "big | | | | estimated that there are at least fifty billion galaxies in |
| bang." No, it has nothing to do with the fourth of July. | | | | the universe.When you think about these proportions |
| When the fourth of July ends, we're usually left with a | | | | for a moment, you begin to realize the awesomeness |
| lot of exploded shreds of garbage. When this | | | | of this place we so casually refer to as our |
| purported "big bang" ended, it allegedly left us with | | | | universe.Then, after hearing the theories behind the |
| debris which somehow evolved into a highly complex | | | | phenomena believed to exist deep in space -- black |
| and organized universe. How? Beats the heck out me. | | | | holes, supergiants, supernovae, quasars, pulsars, |
| Let's see if it beats the heck out of you.Big-bang | | | | neutron stars -- you begin to realize that the "other |
| theorists hold that the universe roughly fifteen or | | | | end" of the universe is not only far away but also |
| twenty billion years ago. There was this "something or | | | | holds wonders which only a few years ago would |
| other" which exploded. Since then the universe has | | | | have been considered somewhere between science |
| been expanding. Everything in it evolved from the stuff | | | | fiction and the absurd. Even today, most of these |
| of that explosion.Let's see if we understand this. In | | | | objects are speculative and far from pat concepts.Is |
| spite of the fact that just about any kind of an | | | | this the universe which came into existence through a |
| explosion we could cause would result in nothing but | | | | series of accidents billions of years ago? And who are |
| chaos and destruction, we're being told, against all logic, | | | | the ones perpetuating this? The same people who |
| that an explosion is what began the process of building | | | | have given us "pat" answers about our own solar |
| the inconceivably complex system we now call our | | | | system in our own time?We do not yet understand |
| universe. Isn't that a bit like saying that if you blew up a | | | | how phenomena deep in space work in our time. We |
| Rubik's cube the little pieces could conceivably become | | | | do not yet understand how our solar system works in |
| more complex than the original cube? It is common | | | | our time. We do not yet completely understand how |
| sense that an explosion will create a general state of | | | | our own planet, earth, works in our time. We do not |
| fragmentation and disarray. After ripping a system | | | | yet understand how many living organisms on our |
| apart, isn't it rather absurd to expect the resulting | | | | planet work in our time. We do not yet understand |
| chaos to become more intricate and organized than | | | | how even some small organisms of the bacteria and |
| the original system? When you think about it, after an | | | | virus variety work in our time. We do not yet |
| explosion, it is unrealistic to expect a system to even | | | | understand how sub-atomic particles, so fundamental |
| maintain its previous level of complexity, let alone | | | | to our existence, work in our time. But, somehow, we |
| evolve into something more complex.An example: If | | | | do understand the process which allegedly brought all |
| you took every nut, bolt, and part necessary for the | | | | of this into being billions of years ago and caused it to |
| construction of a car, piled them up on top of a bomb, | | | | evolve. Is someone pulling our leg?How can anyone |
| and blew them up, would you ever expect the parts to | | | | simply accept theories of how a universe of such |
| fall down into a functioning car by mere chance? How | | | | unimaginable proportions and complexity came into |
| many times would you say you'd have to blow the | | | | being from the same scientists who seem so |
| pieces up to get a functioning car? Fifteen million? | | | | confused every time we send a rocket to explore an |
| Seventeen billion? Or do you think it could never | | | | area of space only a stone's throw from earth? How |
| happen? Sure the pieces would fall into different | | | | can anyone accept theories of the origin of our |
| configurations and shapes after each explosion -- | | | | universe, which implicitly include the origin of the basic |
| configurations which may be pleasant to look at with | | | | elements of matter and life, when these same |
| an abstract, artistic eye. Configurations which may | | | | elements are not yet understood today? Isn't it obvious |
| even inspire you with thoughts like, "Where's the | | | | that our comprehension of the universe is shallow, at |
| broom?" But to think that you could eventually get into | | | | best?SHORTCOMINGS OF OUR UNDERSTANDING |
| a car and drive off is confusing the laws of probability | | | | OF THE BIG BANGIn 1998 scientists discovered |
| with intelligent design. If you blow up the pieces of a | | | | something that baffled the heck out of them. Our |
| car, all you will ever get is a pile of junk. And maybe a | | | | understanding of the expanding universe was that it |
| few lumps on your head from falling debris. But that's | | | | might eventually collapse under its own gravitational pull. |
| about it.The scientifically accepted theory of the origin | | | | Or, if its gravitational pull was not strong enough, it |
| and evolution of our universe says, in effect, that if you | | | | would just keep expanding, but at a slower rate, much |
| blew up the parts of a car you could get a lot more | | | | like any other explosion.What scientists discovered, |
| than just a car -- you could accidentally get a | | | | however, was that the universe's rate of expansion |
| supersonic jet or a space shuttle! This is a better story | | | | was speeding up! This was absolutely astounding. |
| than what used car dealers give you.UNSUPPORTED | | | | There was, and still is, no science to explain this. Sure |
| BY SCIENCE ITSELFIf the idea that chaos cannot | | | | we have more theories (dark matter, being the major |
| accidentally turn into design and organization makes | | | | one), but at the moment it's all a big mystery.What this |
| sense to you, congratulations! You have something of | | | | boils down to is that we've had pretty much of a "pat" |
| a knack for thermodynamics. The second law of | | | | theory for about a half a century, based on what we |
| thermodynamics states that energy decreases in utility, | | | | thought was solid science. Then, reality threw us a |
| moving from a state of order to disorder and finally to | | | | curve, and our most fundamental understanding of the |
| a stage of randomness and decay.The notion that a | | | | universe went out the window.WHERE'S THE |
| "big bang" can be the seed for a universe such as | | | | LOGICThis is where the big puzzle of the double |
| ours is in direct violation of this law. In a big bang | | | | standard comes in. The greatest mystery of all is how |
| scenario, rather than order turning into disorder, the | | | | some people put trust and faith into scientific theories |
| precise opposite happens -- chaos not only turns into | | | | when, given the same circumstances in a more |
| organization, but into an ingenious system of mind | | | | practical situation, the absurdity would be conspicuously |
| boggling complexity. This doesn't coincide with scientific | | | | obvious to them. Suppose you had your bicycle |
| principles, and it certainly doesn't hold up logically.When | | | | checked out by a mechanic who gave you a three |
| confronted with the second law of thermodynamics | | | | hour speech on how bicycles work. He described in |
| as it relates to the evolution of life, many scientists | | | | depth the physics of pulleys, gears, momentum, and |
| respond that this law does not apply to an "open | | | | friction, then told you that your bike was in excellent |
| system." Earth, they say, is an open system since it is | | | | shape. But the moment you got on your bike it fell |
| influenced by extraterrestrial systems. So, let's say you | | | | apart. Would you go back to the same "mechanic" to |
| cannot use this argument against life on earth. But, | | | | have your car checked out? Would you fly a plane |
| how do you do away with the second law of | | | | that had been okayed by this mechanic? Who, in his |
| thermodynamics when it comes to the entire | | | | right mind, would reason, "He may be dishonest or |
| universe? The entire universe cannot possibly be an | | | | ignorant about bicycles, but, after that speech on |
| open system -- there are no outside systems to | | | | pulleys and gears, he must be competent when it |
| influence it. Even if we were to discover "other | | | | comes to planes and other complicated mechanics." |
| universes" (of anti-matter, for example), it would still not | | | | Most people would not allow this crook to adjust their |
| make our universe an open system. Anything we | | | | kites, let alone evaluate the condition of their |
| discover becomes part of the "big picture" of our | | | | planes.Why, then, does it not seem odd to these same |
| entire universe or part of one big super universe. Thus, | | | | people that scientists have little problem figuring out |
| after all is included, we inevitably wind up with one | | | | how a vast and complex universe with the staggering |
| huge closed system. How did this entire system turn | | | | dimensions of hundreds of billions of lightyears of |
| into a workable machine of inconceivable sophistication | | | | space allegedly worked billions of years ago, yet have |
| by accident?Answer: It didn't, because it couldn't.There | | | | difficulty understanding how our "drop in the bucket" |
| is no logical or scientific basis whatsoever for an entire | | | | solar system works today? How do scientists go from |
| universe to develop out of chaos. Such an occurrence | | | | relative ignorance of the laws of nature of our own |
| would need an "outside" force. And since we've | | | | solar system in our own time to a well rounded |
| already included literally "everything" in our definition of | | | | understanding of the forces behind the entire universe |
| "our universe," there are no outside forces left. | | | | in a time long gone?The answer, of course, is that |
| Consequently, since our universe is in existence and is | | | | scientists obviously do not have a well rounded |
| in a complex state, its only possible origin would have | | | | understanding of the physics and mechanics of our |
| to be a force not within the confines of our physical | | | | universe today, and certainly cannot have any kind of |
| world. In short, we'd be talking about a force unlike | | | | a decent understanding of the universe in the past. |
| anything we are acquainted with on a physical or | | | | The objective here is not to malign scientists. They |
| scientific level -- quite conceivably something of a | | | | obviously do understand the science behind cell |
| spiritual nature. Perhaps it is this spiritual aspect, the | | | | phones, rockets, heart surgery, etc. We have proof of |
| only true logical option, which scientists are trying to | | | | that. But how the universe (or life, for that matter) |
| avoid.Without getting involved in the spiritual implications | | | | began, that's a different story. Readily accepting |
| of our physical universe for the moment, let us note | | | | accounts of the origin and evolution of our universe |
| what is relevant here: the structure of our universe, like | | | | only shows a tolerance for misinformation in scientific |
| genetics, shows a high degree of intelligence and | | | | matters which goes far beyond what one would |
| sophistication in its design and implementation. Perhaps | | | | accept in more practical circumstances. If you find |
| the intelligence required is so overwhelming that some | | | | these theories fun, that's great. But if truth is of |
| individuals simply find it too mind-boggling to consider. | | | | concern to you, proceed with caution.by Josh |
| But attributing the super-phenomenal feat of the | | | | Greenberger |
| development of our universe to an accident of chance | | | | This has been an excerpt from his free book on |
| is not the answer. Aside from it not being scientific, it | | | | evolution at EvolutionDead.comJosh Greenberger: A |
| falls somewhat short of sound, level-headed thinking. | | | | computer consultant for over two decades, the author |
| There's certainly no evidence supporting such an | | | | has developed software for such organizations as |
| accident. The mere existence of our universe does | | | | NASA's Goddard Institute of Space Studies, AT&T, |
| not prove it was formed by accident. If anything, our | | | | Charles Schwab, Bell Laboratories and Chase |
| universe does give every indication of having been | | | | Manhattan Bank. Since 1984, the author's literary works |
| designed with intelligence. Studying just about any | | | | have appeared in such periodicals as The New York |
| branch of science will tell you, without any great | | | | Post, The Daily News, The Village Voice, The Jewish |
| reasoning abilities, that there is intelligence in the design | | | | Press, and others. His articles have ranged from humor |
| and implementation of the laws of nature on every | | | | to scientific to topical events. Visit his site: shopndrop. |
| level. So, it might be more scientific to take this into | | | | |